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Extract standardised for flavonoid glycosides and terpene lactones from one of the oldest living tree species; proposed to improve cerebral blood flow and act as an antioxidant, studied for cognitive symptoms and tinnitus.
Memory, mental clarity, and overall brain health. Critical for healthy ageing and peak performance.
Also known as: Ginkgo
Every published result for this pair, extracted and audited.
These charts group published studies by what they reported and how they were run — green marks studies that reported a benefit for this pairing. Tiers run from pooled analyses of many trials (strongest) to one-off observational reports.
Direction of reported outcomes for Ginkgo Biloba in cognitive function.
Study designs behind these findings.
Every measured outcome, one row per finding - numbers exactly as reported.
| Study | Design | n | Duration | Outcome measured | Reported result | Direction |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PMID 25114079 2015 | Meta-analysis | 2,561 | 22-26 weeks | Activities of daily living (ADLs) | -0.36 (95%CI -0.44; -0.28) | Benefit |
| PMID 25114079 2015 | Meta-analysis | 2,561 | 22-26 weeks | Clinicians' Global Impression of Change (CGIC) | 1.88 (95%CI 1.54; 2.29) | Benefit |
| PMID 25114079 2015 | Meta-analysis | 2,561 | 22-26 weeks | Cognition (change score) | -2.86 (95%CI -3.18; -2.54) | Benefit |
| PMID 25114079 2015 | Meta-analysis | - | 22-26 weeks | Cognition, ADLs, CGIC and neuropsychiatric symptoms (neuropsychiatric subgroup) | reported qualitatively | Benefit |
| PMID 25114079 2015 | Meta-analysis | - | 22-26 weeks | Cognitive outcomes in Alzheimer's disease subgroup | reported qualitatively | Unclear |
| PMID 19017911 2008 | Randomised trial | - | 6.1 years | All-cause dementia | 1.12 hazard ratio (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94-1.33; P = .21) | No benefit |
| PMID 19017911 2008 | Randomised trial | - | 6.1 years | Alzheimer disease | 1.16 hazard ratio (95% CI, 0.97-1.39; P = .11) | No benefit |
| PMID 19017911 2008 | Randomised trial | 482 | 6.1 years | Progression to dementia with mild cognitive impairment | 1.13 hazard ratio (95% CI, 0.85-1.50; P = .39) | No benefit |
Hand-selected PubMed studies, linked to the originals.
Ordered by strength of evidence, then result direction.
01Ginkgo biloba for cognitive impairment and dementiaWieland LS, et al. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026PMID 41641880 ↗02Effects of acute exercise on cognitive function: A meta-review of 30 systematic reviews with meta-analysesChang YK, et al. · Psychological bulletin · 2025PMID 39883421 ↗03Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 is safe and effective in the treatment of mild dementia - a meta-analysis of patient subgroups in randomised controlled trialsRiepe M, et al. · The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry · 2025PMID 39895346 ↗04Associations between Diet and Cognitive Function in Stroke Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysisAmanat S, et al. · Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025PMID 40355028 ↗Be the first to share what you noticed with Ginkgo Biloba for cognitive function. How we calculate this.